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Lithuanian Playing Cards

Published June 09, 2012 Updated June 28, 2023

During the 20th century Lithuanian printers produced striking playing cards containing Lithuanian symbols and national heroes.

Lithuania Spindulys Barbora Didžiokienė Mstislavas Dobužinskis
View of Vilnius

Playing Cards from Lithuania

Lietuvos Lošimo Kortos

Lithuania is the largest and most southerly of the three Baltic republics. The history of Lithuania has close ties with that of Poland, its neighbour to the southwest. By the end of the 18th century most of the country came under the Russian empire. During the periods of Soviet rule, Lithuanians relied on Catholic tradition and memories of independence to preserve their national identity, a skill mastered through centuries of foreign domination. Pagan traditions with roots stretching back centuries have been kept alive too.

The independent Lithuanian state was reestablished in 1918. After World War II the printing industry was nationalized by the Soviet administration.

Lithuania coat of arms

During the short period of independence (c.1920-1940) Lithuanian printers produced some striking playing card designs in a range of artistic styles. Their unique artwork depicts national heroes, folklore and symbolism, evoking Lithuania's political history and struggle for national identity. Chief amongst these manufacturers was the Spindulys Printing Company (Aktiengesellschaft Spindulys, Kaunas, founded in 1928) which at one time also housed the national mint.

Historical Playing Cards, c.1930

Above: Historical Playing Cards by Spindulys, c.1930   see more

Klubams, c.1930

Above: Klubams by Spindulys Printing House, c.1930   see more

Vaivorykštė Playing Cards

Above: Lithuanian Vaivorykštė playing cards   see more

Lithuanian ‘Gironda’ Political Playing Cards

Above: Lithuanian ‘Gironda’ Political Playing Cards   see more

Gedimino Stulpai, c.1930

Above: Gedimino Stulpai by Spindulys Printing House, c.1930   see more

Kunigaiksciai, c.1930

Above: Kunigaiksciai by Spindulys Printing House, c.1930   see more

Pilys, Lithuanian Castles Playing Cards

Above: Pilys, Lithuanian Castles Playing Cards   see more

Dviracio Kortos, Lithuanian Satirical Playing Cards

Above: Dviracio Kortos, Lithuanian Satirical Playing Cards   see more

Spindulys Printing House, 1928 - present

Above: Spindulys Printing House, Kaunas, founded in 1928   (Click image to enlarge).

Spindulys was established after combining three printing houses, “Svyturis”, “Varpas” and “Raides”. The Print Works was located at Miško Gatvė 11, Kaunas district municipality LT-44321, Lithuania. At that time the playing-card designers were Mstislavas Dobužinskis (1875–1957) and Barbora Didžiokienė (1896 - 1976).

During this period, cards were taxed by means of a tax stamp on the Ace of Diamonds which reads: "Lietuvos Valstybes Monopolio Kortos" (Lithuania State Playing-card Monopoly). There was also a factory seal around the wrapped deck (click image below).

factory seal around the wrapped deck

Today Spindulys Printing House is located at Vakarinis Aplinkkelis 24 as a book printing house, although playing cards are still a possibility.

The political changes that occurred in Lithuania since regaining independence in 1990 impacted on all spheres, media included. Censorship was lifted and state ownership of media abolished. Liberation of the print media began in the 1990s and Lithuania first entered the EuroVision Song Contest in 1994.

See also: Latvia :: Estonia :: Klubams :: Kunigaiksciai (Dukes) :: Gedimino Stulpai :: Istorines (Historical) :: Vaivorykste :: Pilys (Castles) :: Dviracio Kortos :: Gironda Political Cards

Acknowledgements: images of cards kindly contributed by Albinas Borisevičius. Information and images about Spindulys Printing House kindly supplied by Tadas Jurys. The source of this Information is the book “Knyga ir likimai” (“Book and Fates”), Kaunas, 1998, printed in Lithuania (on the 70th anniversary of the printing house).

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By Simon Wintle

Member since February 01, 1996

Founder and editor of the World of Playing Cards since 1996. He is a former committee member of the IPCS and was graphics editor of The Playing-Card journal for many years. He has lived at various times in Chile, England and Wales and is currently living in Extremadura, Spain. Simon's first limited edition pack of playing cards was a replica of a seventeenth century traditional English pack, which he produced from woodblocks and stencils.

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