The World of Playing Cards Logo

44: Australia

Published March 06, 2015 Updated March 19, 2022

Two early makers, Thomas and Sands & McDougall, used courts copied from those of the New York Consolidated Card Co.

Australia Hudson Sands & McDougall Spicer & Detmold Thomas & Co

For more detail about Australian card-makers, see elsewhere on the wopc site. For a full list of the Australian cards in my collection, click here

There's a wealth of information there, so I thought I'd simply add illustrations of the cards themselves and say something about the models they were taken from.

What early 19th century Australian playing cards were like is anybody's guess, though any that there were were probably taken out from England for the most part. Van Genechten supplied cards for Australia, as can be seen from the rip-off Bancks-like AS of c.1880.

What the courts were like is difficult to say; some of the courts illustrated on page 25 would be possibles. Most of the early makers used copies of other makers' courts, mostly American or British. One of the earliest makers, Troedel & Co., used De La Rue's courts as a model in the mid-1880s.

Above: Troedel copy of D6

Two early makers, Thomas and Sands & McDougall, used courts copied from those of the New York Consolidated Card Co.

Above: Thomas, c.1890

Above: Sands & McDougall, c.1908

The NYCCC originals are reproduced below.

Above: NYCCC Squeezers, c.1885

Thomas became W. Detmold & Co. in c.1907 and changed their court design to one that resembles a USPCC wide, unturned design US3. These were produced in both two and four colours.

Above: The somewhat dubious sounding White Australia pack by Detmold.

Above: Two-colour version

The original US3 is illustrated below.

Above: USPCC US3, c.1900

There is also a bridge-width version of the Detmold courts.

Above: c.1920

In c.1922 Detmold became Spicer & Detmold and the courts were revised with six courts turned. These are found in bridge packs in two and four colours.

Above: Spicer & Detmold, c.1930

These courts were used up until the end of Spicer's as a card-maker, surviving a series of take-overs and changes.

Above: Later versions in three and two colours with the Reed's AS, 1980s

Above: With Spicer's Paper on the joker, c.1990

Sands & McDougall used a design that was idiosyncratic after it stopped using the ex-US6 design shown above.

Above: Sands & McDougall, c.1910-30 (thanks to John Daniels for the images)

The courts changed again with the introduction of bridge-size cards in the 1930s. Interestingly, the design is similar to that of the Canadian PCCo., US2.1.

Above: c.1935

Above: c.1945

The original US2.1 courts are illustrated below.

Above: Canadian PCCo, c.1940

Another important maker is Hudson, who started up in the 1920s. Their court cards were modelled on US5, the design inherited by USPCC from the American Banknote Company. It has the distinctive features of a left-facing JS and a QH with her pip to the right rather than the usual left.

Above: 2-colour courts, c.1930

Above: 4-colour courts from a Valentine canasta pack, c.1975

This design was used throughout the life of the firm, passing to Valentine, when they took it over in 1972, and again to John Sands in the 1990s.

Above: John Sands holed casino pack, 1992

The other major card producer is Reed, originally Paper Products Ltd. They used a faithful copy of the USPCC bridge courts (US3.1), which ran from c.1930 right up to the present day in the Queen's Slipper packs in two colours only.

Above: Top, c.1932; bottom, c.1990

In an early patience pack, Southern Cross, the USPCC turned courts (US4) were used.

For some reason in 1982 a pack for the Brisbane Commonwealth Games used Piatnik courts and joker in two colours with Reed/Spicer number cards. Shortly after that the former Spicer & Detmold courts were redrawn and used in casino packs.

Above: Top two rows: Reed, 1982 with Piatnik courts; bottom row: Hardie Spicer, 1987

As regards idiosyncratic designs I know two only. One is anonymous and from c.1930.

Above: Anonymous with some elements of Whitman's US5.1 courts. (Thanks to John Daniels for the scan.)

The other one is much more recent, produced by the Singapore-based SNP. Note the turned QH to put her suit-sign on the right in line with the other queens.

Above: Players' Choice, c.1990

avatar
137 Articles

By Ken Lodge

Member since May 14, 2012

​I'm Ken Lodge and have been collecting playing cards since I was about eighteen months old (1945). I am also a trained academic, so I can observe and analyze reasonably well. I've applied these analytical techniques over a long period of time to the study of playing cards and have managed to assemble a large amount of information about them, especially those of the standard English pattern. About Ken Lodge →


Leave a Reply

Default Avatar
Your Name
Just now

Create account to comment Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here. Your comment here.


Related Articles

2022 Pride playing cards

Pride playing cards

Pride playing cards designed by Phil Constantinesco

1984 The Millenium Tarot: Tarot of the Four Worlds

The Millenium Tarot: Tarot of the Four Worlds

First Australian Tarot, designed by Mary Susan Chamberlain, with artwork by Ziba Vilmanis-Westenberg...

2002 Scenic Views of Australia

Scenic Views of Australia

54 different scenic views of Australia in full colour.

1999 Pack of Thieves?

Pack of Thieves?

“Pack of Thieves? 52 Port Arthur Lives” playing cards documenting life in an Australian penal settle...

2004 Unique Australian Animals

Unique Australian Animals

‘Unique Australian Animals’ educational playing cards designed by Lawton Ho, Australia, 2004.

2019 Cyberpunk Playing Cards by Elephant

Cyberpunk Playing Cards by Elephant

Cyberpunk playing cards, combining themes of lowlife and high tech. Created by Ben Jones, produced b...

1981 Wimmera Playing Cards

Wimmera Playing Cards

Different scenes from the Wimmera region of Victoria, Australia, drawn by Colin Daniels.

1870 Transformation Cards for Christmas

Transformation Cards for Christmas

Hand-drawn Transformation cards, c.1870.

2020 Bosch Puzzle Playing Cards

Bosch Puzzle Playing Cards

Bosch Puzzle Playing Cards by Sunish Chabba, 2020.

1920 Qantas

Qantas

Qantas Airways Limited is the flag carrier of Australia and is the world's third-oldest airline stil...

Collecting Playing Cards with Jan Walls

Collecting Playing Cards with Jan Walls

I collected playing cards when I was in primary school, by Jan Walls.

2019 On The Cards

On The Cards

A Motley Pack - transformation playing cards & ‘On The Cards’ book facsimile published by Sunish Cha...

1950 Billabong playing cards

Billabong playing cards

Billabong Dual Deck by Hudson Industries, 1950s.

2018 Kalevala

Kalevala

Kalevala playing cards by Sunish Chabba and Ishan Trivedi inspired by ancient Finnish mythology.

1987 Adelaide Casino

Adelaide Casino

Adelaide Casino by Spicers Paper Ltd, 1987.

2015 Erlenmeyer City Sights

Erlenmeyer City Sights

Erlenmeyer City Sights hand-illustrated playing cards by Stephanie Gray, 2015.